1. L. T. C. Rolt and J. S. Allen, The Steam Engine of Thomas Newcomen (Landmark Publishing, Ashbourne 1997).

2. John Kanefsky and John Robey, "Steam Engines in 18th-Century Britain: A Quantitative Assessment", Technology and Culture, 21 (1980), 161-186

3. A.E. Musson and Eric Robinson, "Science and Technology in the Industrial Revolution" (Manchester University Press, 1969), esp. chapter XII